The classic · 4 players · 2 partnerships

Bridge

Bridge is chess at the card table—a game of communication, strategy, and reading your partner. Learn the foundations and the habits that make every deal more rewarding.

Basics

Four players form two partnerships, with partners sitting opposite each other. Use a standard 52-card deck and deal 13 cards to each player.

Each trick contains one card from every player. You must follow the suit led when possible; otherwise you may discard or play a trump. The highest trump wins, or the highest card of the led suit when no trump is played.

Goal: bid a contract, then win at least the promised number of tricks.

Bidding and contracts

Bidding begins with the dealer and moves clockwise. A bid names a level and a denomination: clubs, diamonds, hearts, spades, or no-trump. The level adds to six, so 3NT promises nine tricks.

Players may bid higher, pass, double an opponent's contract, or redouble. The final bid becomes the contract. The player from that partnership who first named the denomination becomes declarer.

Declarer's partner is the dummy and places all 13 cards face up after the opening lead. Declarer chooses cards from both hands.

Playing the hand

  1. 1. Opening lead The player to declarer's left leads the first card.
  2. 2. Reveal dummy Dummy places the hand face up, grouped by suit, with trump on the right.
  3. 3. Follow suit Every player must follow the led suit when able.
  4. 4. Take the trick Highest trump wins; otherwise the highest card in the led suit wins.
  5. 5. Continue The trick winner leads next. Play all 13 tricks, then compare the result with the contract.

Scoring

Made contracts score trick points based on level and denomination, plus bonuses for part-scores, games, slams, and doubled contracts. Overtricks add points.

If declarer falls short, defenders score penalty points for each undertrick. Vulnerability changes bonuses and penalties, so use a bridge scoring table or the app when learning.

Strategy

Count before you play. Declarer should count immediate winners, possible extra winners, and dangerous losers.

Use entries carefully. A strong suit is useless if you cannot reach the hand that holds it.

Defend as a partnership. Lead and discard consistently, remember the auction, and avoid taking tricks your partner already controls.

Watch Bridge being played

The video explains the rules in English. Check your table's house rules before you begin.

Watch on YouTube →

House rules

Duplicate and rubber bridge use different scoring. Agree on the format, vulnerability, and whether bidding aids are allowed before the first deal.

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Five clever tips

Nothing up your sleeve—just legal moves that make everyone wonder when you got so sharp.

1

Count high cards

Track aces and kings as they appear. Once the winners are gone, smaller cards can become certain tricks.

2

Plan before the first card

As declarer, count your likely winners and losers before playing from dummy.

3

Lead partner's suit

A partner's bid often points to the safest opening lead—unless the auction strongly suggests otherwise.

4

Watch every discard

A player who cannot follow suit has revealed valuable information about the remaining distribution.

5

Keep the same tempo

Play easy and difficult cards at a steady pace so your hesitation does not reveal the location of key cards.

Frequently asked questions

What does no-trump mean?

There is no trump suit; only the highest card in the suit led can win the trick.

Must dummy stay silent?

Dummy may prevent an irregularity, but must not suggest plays or strategy.

How long does a deal take?

A casual deal often takes 8–12 minutes once everyone knows the basics.

Sources

Rules reviewed on 24 September 2026. House rules vary; this page describes one clear standard version.

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Ready for the next round?

Invite your partner and two opponents, then put your bidding and card play to the test.